Great Scientists for India

Mathematics

Ancient & Classical Periods
- Baudhayana (1st millennium BCE) – Author of ancient mathematical texts
- Pingala (3rd–2nd century BCE) – Mathematician and linguist
- Aryabhata (476–550 CE) – Author of Aryabhatiya
- Brahmagupta (598–688 CE) – Mathematician and astronomer
- Bhaskara I (600–680 CE) – Mathematician and astronomer
- Mahavira (9th century CE) – Mathematician
- Aryabhata II (920–1000 CE) – Mathematician and astronomer
- Sripati (1019–1066 CE) – Mathematician and astrologer
- Bhaskara II (1114–1185 CE) – Mathematician and astronomer
- Madhava of Sangamagrama (1340–1425 CE) – Founder of Kerala school of mathematics
Modern Period (19th–20th Century)
- Srinivasa Ramanujan (1887–1920 CE) – Number theory and infinite series
- Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis (1893–1972 CE) – Statistician
- Satyendra Nath Bose (1894–1974 CE) – Bose-Einstein statistics
- K. Ananda Rau (1893–1966 CE) – Mathematician
- Raj Chandra Bose (1901-1987 CE) – Mathematician
- Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai (1901–1950 CE) – Number theory
- Harish-Chandra (1923–1983 CE) – Group theory
- C. S. Seshadri (1932–2020 CE) – Algebraic geometry
- M. S. Narasimhan (1932–2021 CE) – Differential geometry

Ancient & Medieval Periods
- Lagadha (2nd–1st millennium BCE) – Astronomer, Vedanga Jyotisha
- Varahamihira (5th–6th century CE) – Astronomer
- Haridatta (6th century CE) – Astronomer
- Lalla (720–790 CE) – Astronomer and astrologer
- Vijayanandi (940–1010 CE) – Astronomer
- Mahendra Suri (1340–1400 CE) – Author of Yantraraja (Astrolabe treatise)
Modern Period (19th–20th Century)
- Meghnad Saha (1893–1956 CE) – Astrophysicist, Saha ionization equation
- Vainu Bappu (1927–1982 CE) – Astronomer
- Govind Swarup (1929–2020 CE) – Radio astronomer

19th–20th Century
- C. V. Raman (1888–1970 CE) – Raman Effect, Nobel Laureate
- K. R. Ramanathan (1893–1984 CE) – Atmospheric physics
- Sisir Kumar Mitra (1890–1963 CE) – Ionospheric physics
- Satyendra Nath Bose (1894–1974 CE) – Bose-Einstein statistics
- K. S. Krishnan (1898–1961 CE) – Solid-state physics
- Subramanyan Chandrasekhar (1910–1995 CE) – Chandrasekhar limit, Nobel Laureate
- G. N. Ramachandran (1922–2001 CE) – Molecular biophysics
- E. C. George Sudarshan (1931–2018 CE) – Quantum optics
- A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (1931–2015 CE) – Aerospace and missile technology

Ancient & Classical Periods
- Jivaka (5th century BCE) – Physician
- Sushruta (600–500 BCE) – Father of plastic surgery
- Charaka (400–300 BCE) – Author of Charaka Samhita
- Vagbhata (6th century CE) – Physician
- Madhava-kara (7th–8th century CE) – Physician
- Shalihotra (3rd century BCE) – Veterinarian
Modern Period (19th–20th Century)
- Upendranath Brahmachari (1873–1946 CE) – Kala-azar treatment
- Yellapragada Subbarow (1895–1948 CE) – Developed ATP structure
- Janaki Ammal (1897–1984 CE) – Botanist
- Salim Ali (1896–1987 CE) – Ornithologist
- Kamala Sohonie (1911–1998 CE) – Biochemist
- Har Gobind Khorana (1922–2011 CE) – DNA synthesis, Nobel Laureate

19th–20th Century
- Prafulla Chandra Ray (1861–1944 CE) – Father of modern Indian chemistry
- Jnan Chandra Ghosh (1894–1959 CE) – Industrial chemistry
- Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (1894–1955 CE) – Colloid chemistry
- Nitya Anand (1925–2024 CE) – Medicinal chemistry
- C. N. R. Rao (1934–present) – Solid-state chemistry

19th–20th Century
- Sir M. Visvesvaraya (1861–1962 CE) – Civil engineering
- Jagdish Chandra Bose (1858–1937 CE) – Wireless communication, radio science
- Shankar Abaji Bhise (1867–1935 CE) – Invented typesetting machine
- Satish Dhawan (1920–2002 CE) – Aerospace engineer, ISRO development
- Roddam Narasimha (1934–2020 CE) – Aerospace scientist

Modern Period (19th–20th Century)
- Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia (1883–1969 CE) – Geologist
- M. S. Krishnan (1898–1970 CE) – Geologist
- U. Aswathanarayana (1928–2016 CE) – Geologist
- Yash Pal (1926–2017 CE) – Space scientist and geophysicist